App不“坑老”才能更适老******

　　近日，中国消费者协会发布《适老化App消费监督评测项目研究报告》。中消协报告指出，App广告插件及诱导操作现象尚未杜绝，特别值得注意的是，金融理财、社交通讯、影音娱乐、实用工具类等App，在不同程度上存在诱导下载或诱导付款等情况。不少老年人手机账户稀里糊涂被扣钱。(12月22日《法治日报》)

　　近年来，我国大力推进数字技术的“适老化”改造，让便利服务触手可及。从求医问药到吃穿住行，越来越多老年人正在主动触网，拥抱智能时代。但在社会适老助老惠老的共同行动下，App市场上出现的一些“坑老”乱象却不容忽视。如，老人在不明白的情况下被误导手机投保，下载注册“情感陪聊”主题的App却掉入不良商家诱导付费充值的陷阱，在点击“内存不足”“病毒威胁”等弹窗后手机被莫名其妙地安装各类App……盯上老年人“钱袋子”，种种精心“算计”不仅加重了老年人上网用网的顾虑，也影响了“适老”的质量成色，拖慢了老年人融入数字生活的步调。

　　不“坑老”才能更适老。手机App的“坑老”套路无疑是“适老”进程中的绊脚石、拦路虎，亟待加强监管、大力清除。尽管中消协报告显示，76.2%的调查对象对App适老化的现状整体持满意态度，但“数字惠老”非一日之功，App“适老”仍须久久为功。如果说大字体、大图标、页面友好、操作方便是“适老”的“硬标准”，那么上网安心、用网安全就是“适老”的“软核心”。相比于熟知如何“避坑”的年轻人，老年人上网往往更需要安全感，更需为其营造安心安全的网络环境。为此，诸如稀里糊涂被扣钱之类的手机App“坑老”问题尤须加力破解。

　　一方面，要在监管上发力，完善手机App适老化消费监督机制，严厉打击涉老网络乱象，切实提升“坑老”违法成本。另一方面，还要多方出力。企业眼光要长远，在适老化公益性与企业盈利间找好平衡，找准老年人触网的痛点难点，加大产品研发和设计优化，以“适老”的深度谋求发展的远度。加强家庭与社会数字反哺，帮助老年人破解“数字鸿沟”，提升网络生活技能、操作技能、安全技能，更好融入数字生活。如此，“想上网、能上网、会上网、敢上网”更有保障，手机App“适老”更高、成色更足，老年人“智享养老”才能更加充实、更加幸福。(张冬梅)

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.